/*
 * EliasDB
 *
 * Copyright 2016 Matthias Ladkau. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 */

/*
Package file deals with low level file storage and transaction management.

StorageFile

StorageFile models a logical storage file which stores fixed size records on
disk. Each record has a unique record id. On disk this logical storage file
might be split into several smaller files. StorageFiles can be reused after
they were closed if the transaction management has been disabled. This is
not the case otherwise.

Record

A record is a byte slice of a StorageFile. It is a wrapper data structure for
a byte array which provides read and write methods for several data types.

TransactionManager

TransactionManager provides an optional transaction management for StorageFile.

When used each record which is released from use is added to an in memory
transaction log. Once the client calls Flush() on the StorageFile the
in memory transaction is written to a transaction log on disk. The in-memory log
is kept. The in-memory transaction log is written to the actual StorageFile once
maxTrans is reached or the StorageFile is closed.

Should the process crash during a transaction, then the transaction log is
written to the StorageFile on the next startup using the recover() function.
*/
package file

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/binary"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"devt.de/krotik/common/bitutil"
	"devt.de/krotik/common/stringutil"
)

/*
Size constants for a record
*/
const (
	SizeByte          = 1
	SizeUnsignedShort = 2
	SizeShort         = 2
	SizeThreeByteInt  = 3
	SizeUnsignedInt   = 4
	SizeInt           = 4
	SizeSixByteLong   = 6
	SizeLong          = 8
)

/*
Record data structure
*/
type Record struct {
	id         uint64      // 64-bit record id
	data       []byte      // Slice of the whole data byte array
	dirty      bool        // Firty flag to indicate change
	transCount int         // Transaction counter
	pageView   interface{} // View on this record (this is not persisted)
}

/*
NewRecord creates a new Record and returns a pointer to it.
*/
func NewRecord(id uint64, data []byte) *Record {
	return &Record{id, data, false, 0, nil}
}

/*
ID returns the id of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ID() uint64 {
	return r.id
}

/*
SetID changes the id of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) SetID(id uint64) error {
	if r.InTransaction() {
		return fmt.Errorf("Record id cannot be changed. Record "+
			"is used in %d transaction%s.", r.transCount,
			stringutil.Plural(r.transCount))
	}
	r.id = id
	return nil
}

/*
Data returns the raw data of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) Data() []byte {
	return r.data
}

/*
Dirty returns the dirty flag of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) Dirty() bool {
	return r.dirty
}

/*
SetDirty sets the dirty flag of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) SetDirty() {
	r.dirty = true
}

/*
ClearDirty clears the dirty flag of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ClearDirty() {
	r.dirty = false
}

/*
ClearData removes all stored data from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ClearData() {
	var ccap, clen int

	if r.data != nil {
		ccap = cap(r.data)
		clen = len(r.data)
	} else {
		clen = DefaultRecordSize
		ccap = DefaultRecordSize
	}
	r.data = make([]byte, clen, ccap)
	r.ClearDirty()
}

/*
InTransaction returns if the Record is used in a transaction.
*/
func (r *Record) InTransaction() bool {
	return r.transCount != 0
}

/*
IncTransCount increments the transaction count which means the record is in the
log but not yet in the data file.
*/
func (r *Record) IncTransCount() {
	r.transCount++
}

/*
DecTransCount decrements the transaction count which means the record has been
written to disk.
*/
func (r *Record) DecTransCount() {
	r.transCount--
	if r.transCount < 0 {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Transaction count for record %v is below zero: %v",
			r.id, r.transCount))
	}
}

/*
PageView returns the view on this record. The view determines how the record
is being used.
*/
func (r *Record) PageView() interface{} {
	return r.pageView
}

/*
SetPageView sets the view on this record.
*/
func (r *Record) SetPageView(view interface{}) {
	r.pageView = view
}

/*
String prints a string representation the Record.
*/
func (r *Record) String() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("Record: %v (dirty:%v transCount:%v len:%v cap:%v)\n%v",
		r.id, r.dirty, r.transCount, len(r.data), cap(r.data), bitutil.HexDump(r.data))
}

// Read and Write functions
// ========================

/*
ReadSingleByte reads a byte from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadSingleByte(pos int) byte {
	return r.data[pos]
}

/*
WriteSingleByte writes a byte to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteSingleByte(pos int, value byte) {
	r.data[pos] = value
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
ReadUInt16 reads a 16-bit unsigned integer from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadUInt16(pos int) uint16 {
	return (uint16(r.data[pos+0]) << 8) |
		(uint16(r.data[pos+1]) << 0)
}

/*
WriteUInt16 writes a 16-bit unsigned integer to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteUInt16(pos int, value uint16) {
	r.data[pos+0] = byte(value >> 8)
	r.data[pos+1] = byte(value >> 0)
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
ReadInt16 reads a 16-bit signed integer from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadInt16(pos int) int16 {
	return (int16(r.data[pos+0]) << 8) |
		(int16(r.data[pos+1]) << 0)
}

/*
WriteInt16 writes a 16-bit signed integer to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteInt16(pos int, value int16) {
	r.data[pos+0] = byte(value >> 8)
	r.data[pos+1] = byte(value >> 0)
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
ReadUInt32 reads a 32-bit unsigned integer from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadUInt32(pos int) uint32 {
	return (uint32(r.data[pos+0]) << 24) |
		(uint32(r.data[pos+1]) << 16) |
		(uint32(r.data[pos+2]) << 8) |
		(uint32(r.data[pos+3]) << 0)
}

/*
WriteUInt32 writes a 32-bit unsigned integer to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteUInt32(pos int, value uint32) {
	r.data[pos+0] = byte(value >> 24)
	r.data[pos+1] = byte(value >> 16)
	r.data[pos+2] = byte(value >> 8)
	r.data[pos+3] = byte(value >> 0)
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
ReadInt32 reads a 32-bit signed integer from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadInt32(pos int) int32 {
	return (int32(r.data[pos+0]) << 24) |
		(int32(r.data[pos+1]) << 16) |
		(int32(r.data[pos+2]) << 8) |
		(int32(r.data[pos+3]) << 0)
}

/*
WriteInt32 writes a 32-bit signed integer to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteInt32(pos int, value int32) {
	r.data[pos+0] = byte(value >> 24)
	r.data[pos+1] = byte(value >> 16)
	r.data[pos+2] = byte(value >> 8)
	r.data[pos+3] = byte(value >> 0)
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
ReadUInt64 reads a 64-bit unsigned integer from a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadUInt64(pos int) uint64 {
	return (uint64(r.data[pos+0]) << 56) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+1]) << 48) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+2]) << 40) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+3]) << 32) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+4]) << 24) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+5]) << 16) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+6]) << 8) |
		(uint64(r.data[pos+7]) << 0)
}

/*
WriteUInt64 writes a 64-bit unsigned integer to a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteUInt64(pos int, value uint64) {
	r.data[pos+0] = byte(value >> 56)
	r.data[pos+1] = byte(value >> 48)
	r.data[pos+2] = byte(value >> 40)
	r.data[pos+3] = byte(value >> 32)
	r.data[pos+4] = byte(value >> 24)
	r.data[pos+5] = byte(value >> 16)
	r.data[pos+6] = byte(value >> 8)
	r.data[pos+7] = byte(value >> 0)
	r.SetDirty()
}

/*
MarshalBinary returns a binary representation of a Record.
*/
func (r *Record) MarshalBinary() (data []byte, err error) {
	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)

	// Using a normal memory buffer this should always succeed
	r.WriteRecord(buf)

	return buf.Bytes(), nil
}

/*
WriteRecord writes a record to an io.Writer.
*/
func (r *Record) WriteRecord(iow io.Writer) error {
	if err := binary.Write(iow, binary.LittleEndian, r.id); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if r.dirty {
		if err := binary.Write(iow, binary.LittleEndian, int8(1)); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	} else {
		if err := binary.Write(iow, binary.LittleEndian, int8(0)); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	if err := binary.Write(iow, binary.LittleEndian, int64(r.transCount)); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if err := binary.Write(iow, binary.LittleEndian, int64(len(r.data))); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if _, err := iow.Write(r.data); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// PageView is not persisted since it is derived from the record data

	return nil
}

/*
UnmarshalBinary decodes a record from a binary blob.
*/
func (r *Record) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error {
	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
	buf.Write(data)

	return r.ReadRecord(buf)
}

/*
ReadRecord decodes a record by reading from an io.Reader.
*/
func (r *Record) ReadRecord(ior io.Reader) error {
	if err := binary.Read(ior, binary.LittleEndian, &r.id); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	r.pageView = nil

	var d int8
	if err := binary.Read(ior, binary.LittleEndian, &d); err == io.EOF {
		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
	}
	r.dirty = d == 1

	var t int64
	if err := binary.Read(ior, binary.LittleEndian, &t); err != nil {
		if err == io.EOF {
			return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
		}
		return err
	}
	r.transCount = int(t)

	if err := binary.Read(ior, binary.LittleEndian, &t); err != nil {
		if err == io.EOF {
			return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
		}
		return err
	}

	r.data = make([]byte, t)

	i, err := io.ReadFull(ior, r.data)

	if int64(i) != t {
		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
	}
	return err
}

/*
ReadRecord decodes a record by reading from an io.Reader.
*/
func ReadRecord(ior io.Reader) (*Record, error) {
	r := NewRecord(0, nil)
	if err := r.ReadRecord(ior); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return r, nil
}